Highlighted Publications




 

Kahleova et al. (2025) asked whether adopting a low-fat vegan diet reduces greenhouse gas emissions and cumulative energy demand. They analyzed 16-week dietary records from overweight adults who were randomly assigned to either a vegan group or a control group. They linked each participant’s food intake to environmental impact databases to estimate emissions and energy use. They found that the vegan group reduced emissions by about 1313 g CO2-eq per person per day, while the

McBain et al. (2025) ask how often U.S. adolescents and young adults use generative AI for mental health advice and how helpful they find it. They analyze nationally representative survey data from 1,058 youths ages 12–21. They find that 13.1 percent reported using generative AI for advice when sad, angry, or nervous, and usage rose to 22.2 percent among those ages 18–21. Among users, 65.5 percent sought advice at least monthly and 92.7 percent rated it somewhat or very helpf

Allcott et al. (2024) ask whether deactivating Facebook or Instagram improves users’ emotional well-being during the 2020 U.S. election period. They analyze survey data from more than 30,000 adult users who were randomly assigned to deactivate for six weeks (treatment) or one week (control). They find that Facebook deactivation increased an emotional state index by about 0.060 standard deviations, while Instagram increased it by about 0.041 standard deviations. They report th

Fadlon, Fugleholm, and Nielsen (2025) ask whether income losses after a spouse’s death worsen survivors’ mental health. They use Danish administrative data from 1995–2018, including death records, prescription drug purchases, and household income information for the full population. They find that survivors sharply increase their use of mental-health medications after the death, with take-up doubling in the first month (about +10.5 percentage points) and remaining about 10 pe

Papanicolas et al. (2025) study how premature mortality varies by race across U.S. states and what that implies for unrealized Medicare benefits. They ask whether Black and White adults differ in mortality before age 65. They use CDC Vital Statistics and CDC WONDER population data linked with Medicare Beneficiary Summary Files for 2012 and 2022. They find that premature mortality rose 27.2% overall (243 to 309 deaths per 100,000). Black adults had higher rates in both years,

Dragan (2026) examines whether improving housing quality reduces health care use and spending among low-income residents. She asks whether a large New York City housing remediation policy—the Alternative Enforcement Program—led to changes in health care utilization. Using Medicaid enrollment and claims data from 2007–2019 linked to building-level housing violation records, she applies a regression discontinuity design around the program’s eligibility cutoff. She finds no evid

Uzzi et al. (2025) examine whether neighborhood conditions shaped by past redlining and present-day racialized economic segregation are associated with fatal opioid overdose deaths. They analyze census-tract–level data from Chicago, combining Cook County Medical Examiner overdose records with historical redlining maps and contemporary census data from 2017–2019 and 2020–2022. They find that neighborhoods experiencing high levels of disadvantage in the past and/or present had

Schneider and Harknett (2026) examine whether state and local paid sick leave laws affect workers who are not legally covered through spillovers within large, multi-state firms. They ask whether firm-level exposure to paid sick leave mandates leads companies to extend paid sick leave to workers in non-mandate locations. They analyze linked employer–employee survey data from the Shift Project, combined with administrative data on firm locations and mandate coverage. They find

The study asks whether ransomware attacks on hospitals disrupt care and harm patients. Using a linked dataset of 74 hospital ransomware attacks (2016–2021) combined with Medicare claims, the authors examine changes in hospital operations and patient outcomes during the attacks. They find that hospital volume drops sharply in the first week: ER, inpatient, and outpatient visits fall by 17–24%, and Medicare revenue declines by 19–39%. Most importantly, patients already admitted

This study asked whether state bans on flavored e-cigarettes reduce vaping or lead to more cigarette smoking among young people and adults. Researchers analyzed survey data from 2015–2023 using the Youth Risk Behavior Survey and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System across six states with flavor bans and several control states. They found that flavor bans reduced e-cigarette use among young adults by about 6.7 percentage points in 2022 and among adults by 1.2 points

This study asked whether limiting malpractice payouts in North Carolina affected how doctors make childbirth decisions, especially the use of cesarean deliveries. Using hospital discharge data from North Carolina and Florida from 2008 to 2017, the authors compared outcomes before and after North Carolina’s 2011 cap on noneconomic damages. They found that c-section rates fell by about 5 percent on average, and nearly 7 percent five years after the law took effect. Doctors also

This study asks whether the Affordable Care Act’s Medicaid expansions led to greater use of Certified Nurse Midwives (CNMs) instead of physicians for childbirth. Using U.S. birth certificate data from 2010 to 2019, the authors compared states that expanded Medicaid to those that did not. They found that Medicaid expansions increased CNM-attended births by about one percentage point—an 11% rise—while physician-attended births declined by a similar amount. The increase occurred

This meta-analysis asked whether text-only e-cigarette warnings about health harms are more effective than the FDA’s nicotine addiction warning. Researchers examined 24 experimental studies including 22,549 participants, measuring outcomes such as attention, risk beliefs, and intentions to vape or quit. Results showed text-only warnings increased attention (d = 0.52), negative emotions (d = 0.65), risk beliefs (d = 0.26), and intentions to quit vaping (d = 0.34), while reduci

This study asked whether participation in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) during early childhood can protect against the long-term cardiovascular effects of food insecurity. Researchers followed 1,071 children from birth to age 22 using data from the Future of Families–Cardiovascular Health Among Young Adults study. They found that early food insecurity was linked to worse cardiovascular health, with a 2.2-point lower Life’s Essential 8 score and 1.4 time

The study asks whether increased adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) improves air quality and infant health in the United States. Using county-level data from 2010–2021 on EV registrations, air pollution (especially nitrogen dioxide), birth outcomes, and child hospital visits, the authors analyze both fixed-effects and instrumental-variable models. They find that a one standard deviation increase in EV adoption—about 12 per 1,000 vehicles—reduces nitrogen dioxide levels by up

This study asked whether food insecurity in early childhood is linked to poorer cardiovascular health in young adulthood and whether participation in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) can reduce these risks. Researchers analyzed data from 1,071 children in the Future of Families–Cardiovascular Health Among Young Adults study, following them from ages 3–5 to about age 22. Early childhood food insecurity was associated with a 2.2-point lower overall Life’s Es

This study examined whether legalizing recreational cannabis in U.S. states affected the use of cannabis, cigarettes, and e-cigarettes over five years. Researchers analyzed data from more than 55,000 adults across the United States using the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study from 2013 to 2022. They compared states that legalized cannabis with those that did not. Cannabis use increased by 3.28 percentage points and e-cigarette (ENDS) use rose by 1.39 poi

This study examined whether proximity to golf courses raises the risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Using Rochester Epidemiology Project...

Short Summary This nationally representative study analyzed 25,847 U.S. children and adolescents from NHANES (2008–2023) to assess...

This study asks whether Medicaid eligibility expansions for pregnant women in the 1980s and 1990s influenced physicians’ practice...